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## `etch`

### Signature

```solidity
function etch(address target, bytes calldata code) external;
```

### Description

Sets the bytecode of an address `target` to `code`.

### Parameters

| Parameter | Type    | Description                              |
|-----------|---------|------------------------------------------|
| `target`  | `address` | The address to set bytecode on         |
| `code`    | `bytes` | The bytecode to deploy at the address    |

### Examples

```solidity [test/Etch.t.sol]
function testEtch() public {
    bytes memory code = address(awesomeContract).code;
    address targetAddr = makeAddr("target");
    vm.etch(targetAddr, code);
    assertEq(address(targetAddr).code, code);
}
```

#### Using `vm.etch` for enabling custom precompiles

Some chains, like Blast or Arbitrum, run with custom precompiles. Foundry operates on vanilla EVM and is not aware of those. If you encounter reverts due to unavailable precompiles, you can use `vm.etch` to inject a mock of the missing precompile at its expected address.

:::code-group
```solidity [test/BlastMock.t.sol]
// [!include ~/snippets/projects/cheatcodes/test/BlastMock.t.sol:test]
```

```solidity [src/BlastMock.sol]
// [!include ~/snippets/projects/cheatcodes/test/BlastMock.t.sol:mock]
```
:::

### Gotchas

:::warning
Injecting mocks of precompiles can be tricky as such mocks will not fully emulate the actual precompile behavior on-chain. For example, a Blast yield mock will not cause actual yield to accrue when a yield mode is configured.
:::

:::note
The etched code does not include constructor logic—it only sets the runtime bytecode. If the contract requires initialization, you must call an initializer function separately or set the storage slots manually.
:::

### Related Cheatcodes

* [`deal`](/reference/cheatcodes/deal) - Sets an account's ETH balance
* [`store`](/reference/cheatcodes/store) - Sets a storage slot value

### See Also

* [`deployCode`](/reference/forge-std/deployCode) - Deploy a contract by artifact name
* [`deployCodeTo`](/reference/forge-std/deployCodeTo) - Deploy a contract to a specific address