# foundry - Ethereum Development Framework

Documentation for Foundry's Forge, Cast, Anvil, and Chisel Ethereum development tools.

- [Installation](/introduction/installation): Install Foundry using foundryup, precompiled binaries, or build from source.
- [Getting Started](/introduction/getting-started): Get started with Foundry's four core tools - Forge, Cast, Anvil, and Chisel.
- [Prompting](/introduction/prompting): Use structured prompts to get better results from AI coding assistants.
- [Foundry documentation for agents](/introduction/agents): Retrieve Foundry documentation efficiently from AI agents and other automated tools.
- [Project Setup](/projects/): Create and configure Foundry projects for smart contract development.
- [Project Layout](/projects/layout): Understand Foundry's project structure and directory conventions.
- [Dependencies](/projects/dependencies): Manage dependencies using git submodules and remappings.
- [Soldeer](/projects/soldeer): Use Soldeer as an alternative package manager for Foundry projects.
- [Forge](/forge/): Forge is Foundry's build, test, and deploy tool for Solidity smart contracts.
- [Building contracts](/forge/build): Compile Solidity contracts with Forge.
- [Cloning verified contracts](/forge/cloning): Clone explorer-verified Solidity source into a Forge project, including a proxy's implementation.
- [Contract Documentation](/forge/documentation): Generate and publish contract API documentation from Solidity NatSpec comments.
- [Contract bindings](/forge/contract-bindings): Generate typed Rust contract bindings and Solidity JSON helpers from a Foundry project.
- [Testing](/forge/testing): Write and run tests for Solidity contracts with Forge.
- [Scripting](/forge/scripting): Deploy and interact with contracts using Forge scripts.
- [Debugging](/forge/debugging): Debug Solidity contracts with Forge traces and the interactive debugger.
- [Gas tracking](/forge/gas-tracking): Track and compare gas usage with Forge snapshots and reports.
- [Formatting](/forge/formatting): Format Solidity code with Forge.
- [Linting](/forge/linting): Lint Solidity code with Forge.
- [Cast](/cast/): Cast is Foundry's command-line tool for interacting with Ethereum.
- [Reading chain data](/cast/reading-chain-data): Query blockchain data with Cast — blocks, transactions, logs, and account state.
- [Sending transactions](/cast/sending-transactions): Send transactions and interact with contracts using Cast.
- [Wallet operations](/cast/wallet-operations): Manage wallets, sign messages, and verify signatures with Cast.
- [EIP-7702 account delegation](/cast/eip-7702-delegation): Sign, submit, verify, and clear EIP-7702 account delegations with Cast.
- [ABI encoding](/cast/abi-encoding): Encode and decode ABI data, calldata, and function signatures with Cast.
- [Anvil](/anvil/): Anvil is Foundry's local Ethereum node for development and testing.
- [Forking](/anvil/forking): Fork mainnet or any EVM-compatible chain with Anvil.
- [Mining and Transaction Pool](/anvil/mining): Control Anvil mining, inspect pending transactions, and build deterministic local workflows.
- [State management](/anvil/state-management): Dump and load Anvil chain state for reproducible testing.
- [Custom methods](/anvil/custom-methods): Anvil's custom RPC methods for impersonation, mining control, and state manipulation.
- [RPC method reference](/anvil/rpc-methods): Complete reference for Anvil's custom anvil_* and evm_* RPC methods and nonstandard eth_ extensions.
- [Chisel](/chisel/): Chisel is Foundry's interactive Solidity REPL for rapid prototyping and debugging.
- [Session management](/chisel/session-management): Save, load, and export Chisel REPL sessions.
- [Forking](/chisel/forking): Fork live chains in Chisel to interact with deployed contracts.
- [Commands](/chisel/commands): All available commands in the Chisel REPL.
- [FAQ](/help/faq): Frequently asked questions about Foundry and its tools.
- [Troubleshooting](/help/troubleshooting): Solutions to common Foundry errors and issues.
- [Configuration](/config/): Configure Foundry with foundry.toml, profiles, and environment variables.
- [Profiles](/config/profiles): Use profiles to switch between configurations for development, CI, and production.
- [Compiler](/config/compiler): Configure the Solidity compiler settings for your Foundry project.
- [Testing](/config/testing): Configure testing behavior including fuzz testing and invariant testing.
- [MESC](/config/mesc): Use MESC to manage RPC endpoints across all your crypto tools from a single configuration file.
- [CI Integration](/config/ci): Set up Foundry in GitHub Actions and other CI systems.
- [Editor Setup](/config/editors): Configure VS Code, Vim, and other editors for Foundry projects.
- [Best Practices](/best-practices): Best practices for writing contracts, tests, scripts, and managing security in Foundry projects.
- [Guides](/guides/): Practical guides for common Foundry workflows and advanced patterns.
- [Deploying Contracts](/guides/deploying-contracts): Deploy contracts from local development to testnet and mainnet with verification and deterministic addresses.
- [Browser Wallet Signing](/guides/browser-wallet): Use an injected browser wallet with Cast and Forge.
- [Deterministic Deployments with CREATE2](/guides/deterministic-deployments-using-create2): Deploy smart contracts to predictable addresses across multiple networks using CREATE2 opcode for counterfactual interactions.
- [Multi-Chain Deployments](/guides/multi-chain-deployments): Deploy the same contracts across multiple networks with per-chain configuration.
- [Upgrading Contracts](/guides/upgrading-contracts): Implement proxy patterns with Forge scripts and verify storage layout compatibility.
- [Code Coverage](/guides/coverage): Generate accurate summaries, LCOV files, and per-test coverage attribution.
- [Fork Testing](/guides/fork-testing): Test against live chain state, impersonate accounts, and handle time-sensitive logic.
- [Fuzz Corpus Workflow](/guides/fuzz-corpus): Persist, replay, inspect, and minimize fuzz and invariant corpora.
- [Mutation testing](/guides/mutation-testing): Evaluate the strength of a Forge test suite by configuring, running, and interpreting mutation tests.
- [Invariant Testing](/guides/invariant-testing): Write effective invariant tests with handler patterns and ghost variables.
- [Symbolic Testing Workflow](/guides/symbolic-testing): Turn symbolic counterexamples into reproducible tests and durable CI artifacts.
- [Branching Tree Technique](/guides/branching-tree-technique): Organize Solidity tests as decision trees with the Branching Tree Technique and Bulloak.
- [Foundry on Tempo](/guides/tempo): Use Foundry's upstream Tempo support to configure projects, send Tempo transactions, manage tokens, policies, keychains, and debug local Tempo workflows.
- [MPP-backed RPC endpoints](/guides/mpp): Use Foundry with HTTP 402 payment-gated RPC endpoints through the Machine Payments Protocol (MPP).
- [Debugging Transactions](/guides/debugging-transactions): Replay and debug failed mainnet transactions with trace analysis.
- [Gas Optimization](/guides/gas-optimization): Profile gas usage and optimize with snapshots and the IR pipeline.
- [Stack Too Deep](/guides/stack-too-deep): Understanding and resolving the "Stack too deep" compilation error in Solidity.
- [Docker & Containers](/guides/docker): Run Foundry in Docker for reproducible builds and CI environments.
- [Foundry v1.0 migration guide](/guides/migrations/foundry-v1): Summary of breaking changes and migration steps for Foundry v1.0.
- [Arbitrary ERC20 send](/forge/linting/arbitrary-send-erc20): Arbitrary ERC20 send
- [Arbitrary from in transferFrom used with permit](/forge/linting/arbitrary-send-erc20-permit): Arbitrary ERC20 send with permit
- [Arbitrary Send ETH](/forge/linting/arbitrary-send-eth): Arbitrary ETH send
- [Controlled delegatecall](/forge/linting/controlled-delegatecall): Controlled delegatecall target
- [Encode Packed Collision](/forge/linting/encode-packed-collision): Hash collision from abi.encodePacked with multiple dynamic arguments
- [Enumerable loop removal](/forge/linting/enumerable-loop-removal): EnumerableSet removal while iterating with at
- [Unchecked ERC20 transfer return value](/forge/linting/erc20-unchecked-transfer): Unchecked ERC20 transfer return value
- [Function selector collision](/forge/linting/function-selector-collision): Function selector collision
- [Incorrect exponentiation](/forge/linting/incorrect-exp): Incorrect exponentiation
- [Incorrect Yul shift order](/forge/linting/incorrect-shift): Incorrect shift order
- [Protected variables](/forge/linting/protected-vars): State writes that bypass declared protection
- [Reentrancy through stale contract balance checks](/forge/linting/reentrancy-balance): Reentrancy through stale contract balance checks
- [ETH reentrancy through uncapped calls](/forge/linting/reentrancy-eth): ETH reentrancy through uncapped calls
- [Right-to-left override character](/forge/linting/rtlo): Right-to-left override character
- [Unchecked low-level call](/forge/linting/unchecked-call): Unchecked low-level call
- [Unprotected initializer](/forge/linting/unprotected-initializer): Unprotected upgradeable initializer
- [Assert state change](/forge/linting/assert-state-change): State-modifying expression inside assert()
- [Misuse of a boolean constant](/forge/linting/boolean-cst): Misuse of a boolean constant
- [Dangerous unary operator](/forge/linting/dangerous-unary-operator): Unary operator fused to assignment
- [Divide before multiply](/forge/linting/divide-before-multiply): Divide before multiply
- [Unsafe ecrecover](/forge/linting/ecrecover): Unsafe use of Solidity's ecrecover builtin
- [Incorrect ERC20 interface](/forge/linting/incorrect-erc20-interface): Incorrect ERC20 interface
- [Incorrect ERC721 interface](/forge/linting/incorrect-erc721-interface): Incorrect ERC721 interface
- [Incorrect Strict Equality](/forge/linting/incorrect-strict-equality): Dangerous strict equality check on an externally-influenced value
- [Locked Ether](/forge/linting/locked-ether): Contract receives ETH but has no way to send it out
- [Low-level calls](/forge/linting/low-level-calls): Low-level calls
- [Mapping deletion](/forge/linting/mapping-deletion): Mapping deletion
- [Non-reentrant modifier not first](/forge/linting/non-reentrant-not-first): nonReentrant modifier is not first
- [No-ETH read-before-write reentrancy](/forge/linting/reentrancy-no-eth): No-ETH read-before-write reentrancy
- [Tautological compare](/forge/linting/tautological-compare): Tautological compare
- [Use of tx.origin for authorization](/forge/linting/tx-origin): Use of tx.origin for authorization
- [Type-Based Tautology](/forge/linting/type-based-tautology): Type-based tautological comparison
- [Uninitialized local variable](/forge/linting/uninitialized-local): Uninitialized local variable
- [Uninitialized State Variables](/forge/linting/uninitialized-state): Uninitialized state variable
- [Unsafe OZ ERC721 mint](/forge/linting/unsafe-oz-erc721-mint): ERC721 _mint without receiver check
- [Unsafe typecast](/forge/linting/unsafe-typecast): Unsafe typecast
- [Unused return value](/forge/linting/unused-return): Unused return value from an external call
- [Weak pseudo-random number generation](/forge/linting/weak-prng): Weak pseudo-random number generation
- [Use of block.timestamp in comparisons](/forge/linting/block-timestamp): Use of block.timestamp in comparisons
- [External call inside a loop](/forge/linting/calls-loop): External calls inside loops
- [Delegatecall inside payable loop](/forge/linting/delegatecall-loop): Delegatecall inside payable loops
- [Deprecated OpenZeppelin function](/forge/linting/deprecated-oz-function): Deprecated OpenZeppelin function
- [Empty block](/forge/linting/empty-block): Empty function body
- [Incorrect Modifier](/forge/linting/incorrect-modifier): Incorrect modifier
- [Inconsistent type names](/forge/linting/inconsistent-type-names): Inconsistent type names
- [Missing events access control](/forge/linting/missing-events-access-control): Missing events for access control changes
- [Missing events arithmetic](/forge/linting/missing-events-arithmetic): Missing events for arithmetic state changes
- [Missing zero-address check](/forge/linting/missing-zero-check): Missing zero-address check
- [Msg value inside loop](/forge/linting/msg-value-loop): msg.value inside loops
- [Reentrancy Events](/forge/linting/reentrancy-events): Events emitted after external calls
- [Require or revert inside a loop](/forge/linting/require-revert-in-loop): require or revert inside loops
- [Return bomb](/forge/linting/return-bomb): Return bomb
- [Solmate SafeTransferLib](/forge/linting/solmate-safe-transfer-lib): Solmate SafeTransferLib does not check token code
- [Boolean comparison to a constant](/forge/linting/boolean-equal): Boolean comparison to a constant
- [Address event parameters should be indexed](/forge/linting/event-fields): Address event parameters should be indexed
- [Function init state](/forge/linting/function-init-state): State variable initializer depends on state
- [Inline assembly](/forge/linting/inline-assembly): Inline assembly usage
- [Interface file naming](/forge/linting/interface-file-naming): Interface file naming
- [Interface name should be prefixed with 'I'](/forge/linting/interface-naming): Interface name should be prefixed with 'I'
- [Missing inheritance](/forge/linting/missing-inheritance): Missing inheritance from an implemented interface
- [Function names should use mixedCase](/forge/linting/mixed-case-function): Function names should use mixedCase
- [Mutable variable names should use mixedCase](/forge/linting/mixed-case-variable): Mutable variable names should use mixedCase
- [Multiple contracts in one file](/forge/linting/multi-contract-file): Multiple contracts in one file
- [Prefer named struct fields](/forge/linting/named-struct-fields): Prefer named struct fields
- [Struct names should use PascalCase](/forge/linting/pascal-case-struct): Struct names should use PascalCase
- [Inconsistent pragma directives](/forge/linting/pragma-inconsistent): Inconsistent pragma directives
- [Redundant base-constructor call](/forge/linting/redundant-base-constructor-call): Redundant base-constructor call
- [Reentrancy through fixed-gas ETH transfers](/forge/linting/reentrancy-unlimited-gas): Reentrancy through fixed-gas ETH transfers
- [Constants should use SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE](/forge/linting/screaming-snake-case-const): Constants should use SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE
- [Immutables should use SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE](/forge/linting/screaming-snake-case-immutable): Immutables should use SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE
- [Numeric literal with too many digits](/forge/linting/too-many-digits): Numeric literal with too many digits
- [Unaliased plain import](/forge/linting/unaliased-plain-import): Unaliased plain import
- [Usage of unsafe cheatcodes](/forge/linting/unsafe-cheatcode): Usage of unsafe cheatcodes
- [Literal instead of constant](/forge/linting/literal-instead-of-constant): Repeated literal that should be a named constant
- [Modifier used only once](/forge/linting/modifier-used-only-once): Modifier invoked by exactly one function
- [Internal function used once](/forge/linting/internal-function-used-once): Internal function referenced exactly once
- [Cyclomatic complexity](/forge/linting/cyclomatic-complexity): Function complexity above the threshold
- [Incorrect using-for](/forge/linting/incorrect-using-for): using-for directive that attaches nothing
- [Unused error](/forge/linting/unused-error): Custom error is never used
- [Unused import](/forge/linting/unused-import): Unused import
- [TODO/FIXME comments](/forge/linting/todo-comment): TODO and FIXME markers left in comments
- [Inefficient keccak256 call](/forge/linting/asm-keccak256): Inefficient keccak256 call
- [Array length not cached](/forge/linting/cache-array-length): Array length not cached
- [Costly operations inside a loop](/forge/linting/costly-loop): Costly operations inside a loop
- [State variable could be constant](/forge/linting/could-be-constant): State variable could be constant
- [State variable could be immutable](/forge/linting/could-be-immutable): State variable could be immutable
- [Prefer custom errors over revert strings](/forge/linting/custom-errors): Prefer custom errors over revert strings
- [External Function](/forge/linting/external-function): Public function can be declared external
- [Unused state variable](/forge/linting/unused-state-variables): Unused state variable
- [State variable read via this](/forge/linting/var-read-using-this): State variable read via `this`
- [Write after write](/forge/linting/write-after-write): Redundant storage write; value overwritten before being read
- [Unwrapped modifier logic](/forge/linting/unwrapped-modifier-logic): Unwrapped modifier logic
- [forge](/reference/forge/forge): Build, test, fuzz, debug and deploy Solidity contracts
- [forge build](/reference/forge/build): Build the project's smart contracts
- [forge cache clean](/reference/forge/cache/clean): Cleans cached data from the global foundry directory
- [forge clean](/reference/forge/clean): Remove the build artifacts and cache directories
- [forge inspect](/reference/forge/inspect): Get specialized information about a smart contract
- [forge soldeer clean](/reference/forge/soldeer/clean): Clean downloaded dependencies and generated artifacts
- [forge create](/reference/forge/create): Deploy a smart contract
- [forge flatten](/reference/forge/flatten): Flatten a source file and all of its imports into one file
- [forge verify-check](/reference/forge/verify-check): Check verification status on the selected verifier
- [forge verify-contract](/reference/forge/verify-contract): Verify smart contracts on Etherscan and Sourcify
- [forge completions](/reference/forge/completions): Generate shell completions script
- [forge clone](/reference/forge/clone): Clone a contract from Etherscan
- [forge config](/reference/forge/config): Display the current config
- [forge geiger](/reference/forge/geiger): DEPRECATED: Detects usage of unsafe cheat codes in a project and its dependencies. This is an alias for `forge lint --only-lint unsafe-cheatcode`.
- [forge init](/reference/forge/init): Create a new Forge project
- [forge install](/reference/forge/install): Install one or multiple dependencies. If no arguments are provided, then existing dependencies will be installed.
- [forge remappings](/reference/forge/remappings): Get the automatically inferred remappings for the project
- [forge remove](/reference/forge/remove): Remove one or multiple dependencies
- [forge soldeer init](/reference/forge/soldeer/init): Convert a Foundry project to use Soldeer
- [forge soldeer install](/reference/forge/soldeer/install): Install a dependency If used with arguments, a dependency will be added to the configuration. When used without argument, installs all dependencies that are missing. Examples: - Install all: soldeer install - Add from registry: soldeer install lib_name~2.3.0 - Add with custom URL: soldeer install lib_name~2.3.0 --url https://foo.bar/lib.zip - Add with git: soldeer install lib_name~2.3.0 --git git@github.com:foo/bar.git - Add with git (commit): soldeer install lib_name~2.3.0 --git git@github.com:foo/bar.git --rev 05f218fb6617932e56bf5388c3b389c3028a7b73 - Add with git (tag): soldeer install lib_name~2.3.0 --git git@github.com:foo/bar.git --tag v2.3.0 - Add with git (branch): soldeer install lib_name~2.3.0 --git git@github.com:foo/bar.git --branch feature/baz
- [forge soldeer update](/reference/forge/soldeer/update): Update dependencies by reading the config file
- [forge tree](/reference/forge/tree): Display a tree visualization of the project's dependency graph
- [forge update](/reference/forge/update): Update one or multiple dependencies. If no arguments are provided, then all dependencies are updated.
- [forge coverage](/reference/forge/coverage): Generate coverage reports Examples: - forge coverage - forge coverage --report lcov --report-file lcov.info - forge coverage --match-contract CounterTest
- [forge snapshot](/reference/forge/snapshot): Create a gas snapshot of each test's gas usage Examples: - forge snapshot - forge snapshot --diff (compare against the existing .gas-snapshot file) - forge snapshot --check (fail if gas usage does not match .gas-snapshot)
- [forge test](/reference/forge/test): Run the project's tests Examples: - forge test - forge test --match-test test_Increment -vvvv (show traces for a matching test) - forge test --match-contract CounterTest --fuzz-runs 1000
- [forge bind](/reference/forge/bind): Generate Rust bindings for smart contracts
- [forge bind-json](/reference/forge/bind-json): Generate bindings for serialization/deserialization of project structs via JSON cheatcodes
- [forge cache](/reference/forge/cache): Manage the Foundry cache
- [forge cache ls](/reference/forge/cache/ls): Shows cached data from the global foundry directory
- [forge compiler](/reference/forge/compiler): Compiler utilities
- [forge compiler resolve](/reference/forge/compiler/resolve): Retrieves the resolved version(s) of the compiler within the project
- [forge doc](/reference/forge/doc): Generate documentation for the project
- [forge eip712](/reference/forge/eip712): Generate EIP-712 struct encodings for structs from a given file
- [forge fmt](/reference/forge/fmt): Format Solidity source files
- [forge fuzz](/reference/forge/fuzz): Run and manage Forge fuzzing corpora
- [forge fuzz cmin](/reference/forge/fuzz/cmin): Minimize a corpus by keeping entries that contribute new coverage
- [forge fuzz replay](/reference/forge/fuzz/replay): Replay persisted fuzz failures, or corpus entries with `--corpus-dir`
- [forge fuzz run](/reference/forge/fuzz/run): Run only fuzz and invariant tests
- [forge fuzz show](/reference/forge/fuzz/show): Print persisted corpus entries
- [forge fuzz tmin](/reference/forge/fuzz/tmin): Minimize one corpus entry while preserving its failure or coverage
- [forge lint](/reference/forge/lint): Lint Solidity source files
- [forge script](/reference/forge/script): Run a smart contract as a script, building transactions that can be sent onchain Examples: - forge script script/Counter.s.sol (simulate the script locally) - forge script script/Counter.s.sol --rpc-url $RPC_URL --broadcast --account dev - forge script script/Counter.s.sol --rpc-url $RPC_URL --resume
- [forge selectors](/reference/forge/selectors): Function selector utilities
- [forge selectors cache](/reference/forge/selectors/cache): Cache project selectors (enables trace with local contracts functions and events)
- [forge selectors collision](/reference/forge/selectors/collision): Check for selector collisions between contracts
- [forge selectors find](/reference/forge/selectors/find): Find if a selector is present in the project
- [forge selectors list](/reference/forge/selectors/list): List selectors from current workspace
- [forge selectors upload](/reference/forge/selectors/upload): Upload selectors to registry
- [forge soldeer](/reference/forge/soldeer): Soldeer dependency manager
- [forge soldeer login](/reference/forge/soldeer/login): Log into the central repository to push packages The credentials are saved by default into ~/.soldeer. If you want to overwrite that location, use the SOLDEER_LOGIN_FILE env var.
- [forge soldeer push](/reference/forge/soldeer/push): Push a dependency to the soldeer.xyz repository. You need to be logged in first (soldeer login) or provide the `SOLDEER_API_TOKEN` environment variable with a valid CLI token generated on soldeer.xyz. Examples: - Current directory: soldeer push mypkg~0.1.0 - Custom directory: soldeer push mypkg~0.1.0 /path/to/dep - Dry run: soldeer push mypkg~0.1.0 --dry-run To ignore certain files, create a `.soldeerignore` file in the root of the project and add the files you want to ignore. The `.soldeerignore` uses the same syntax as `.gitignore`.
- [forge soldeer uninstall](/reference/forge/soldeer/uninstall): Uninstall a dependency
- [forge soldeer version](/reference/forge/soldeer/version): Display the version of Soldeer
- [forge verify-bytecode](/reference/forge/verify-bytecode): Verify the deployed bytecode against its source on Etherscan
- [cast](/reference/cast/cast): A Swiss Army knife for interacting with Ethereum applications from the command line
- [cast 4byte](/reference/cast/4byte): Get the function signatures for the given selector from <https://openchain.xyz>
- [cast 4byte-calldata](/reference/cast/4byte-calldata): Decode ABI-encoded calldata using <https://openchain.xyz>
- [cast 4byte-event](/reference/cast/4byte-event): Get the event signature for a given topic 0 from <https://openchain.xyz>
- [cast abi-encode](/reference/cast/abi-encode): ABI encode the given function argument, excluding the selector
- [cast calldata](/reference/cast/calldata): ABI-encode a function with arguments
- [cast decode-abi](/reference/cast/decode-abi): Decode ABI-encoded input or output data. Defaults to decoding output data. To decode input data pass --input. When passing `--input`, function selector must NOT be prefixed in `calldata` string
- [cast decode-calldata](/reference/cast/decode-calldata): Decode ABI-encoded input data. Similar to `abi-decode --input`, but function selector MUST be prefixed in `calldata` string
- [cast pretty-calldata](/reference/cast/pretty-calldata): Pretty print calldata. Tries to decode the calldata using <https://openchain.xyz> unless --offline is passed.
- [cast selectors](/reference/cast/selectors): Extracts function selectors and arguments from bytecode
- [cast upload-signature](/reference/cast/upload-signature): Upload the given signatures to <https://openchain.xyz>. Example inputs: - "transfer(address,uint256)" - "function transfer(address,uint256)" - "function transfer(address,uint256)" "event Transfer(address,address,uint256)" - "./out/Contract.sol/Contract.json"
- [cast balance](/reference/cast/balance): Get the balance of an account in wei
- [cast code](/reference/cast/code): Get the runtime bytecode of a contract
- [cast codesize](/reference/cast/codesize): Get the runtime bytecode size of a contract
- [cast erc20-token balance](/reference/cast/erc20-token/balance): Query ERC20 token balance
- [cast nonce](/reference/cast/nonce): Get the nonce for an account
- [cast proof](/reference/cast/proof): Generate a storage proof for a given storage slot
- [cast receive-policy receipt balance](/reference/cast/receive-policy/receipt/balance): Query the held TIP-20 balance for a claim receipt
- [cast storage](/reference/cast/storage): Get the raw value of a contract's storage slot
- [cast storage-credits balance](/reference/cast/storage-credits/balance): Show an account's storage credit balance
- [cast age](/reference/cast/age): Get the timestamp of a block
- [cast block](/reference/cast/block): Get information about a block
- [cast block-number](/reference/cast/block-number): Get the latest block number
- [cast find-block](/reference/cast/find-block): Get the block number closest to the provided timestamp
- [cast gas-price](/reference/cast/gas-price): Get the current gas price
- [cast chain](/reference/cast/chain): Get the symbolic name of the current chain
- [cast chain-id](/reference/cast/chain-id): Get the Ethereum chain ID
- [cast client](/reference/cast/client): Get the current client version
- [cast format-bytes32-string](/reference/cast/format-bytes32-string): Formats a string into bytes32 encoding
- [cast from-bin](/reference/cast/from-bin): Convert binary data into hex data
- [cast from-fixed-point](/reference/cast/from-fixed-point): Convert a fixed point number into an integer
- [cast from-rlp](/reference/cast/from-rlp): Decodes RLP hex-encoded data
- [cast from-utf8](/reference/cast/from-utf8): Convert UTF8 text to hex
- [cast from-wei](/reference/cast/from-wei): Convert wei into an ETH amount. Consider using --to-unit.
- [cast parse-bytes32-address](/reference/cast/parse-bytes32-address): Parses a checksummed address from bytes32 encoding.
- [cast parse-bytes32-string](/reference/cast/parse-bytes32-string): Parses a string from bytes32 encoding
- [cast shl](/reference/cast/shl): Perform a left shifting operation
- [cast shr](/reference/cast/shr): Perform a right shifting operation
- [cast to-ascii](/reference/cast/to-ascii): Convert hex data to an ASCII string
- [cast to-base](/reference/cast/to-base): Converts a number of one base to another
- [cast to-bytes32](/reference/cast/to-bytes32): Right-pads hex data to 32 bytes
- [cast to-dec](/reference/cast/to-dec): Converts a number of one base to decimal
- [cast to-fixed-point](/reference/cast/to-fixed-point): Convert an integer into a fixed point number
- [cast to-hex](/reference/cast/to-hex): Converts a number of one base to another
- [cast to-hexdata](/reference/cast/to-hexdata): Normalize the input to lowercase, 0x-prefixed hex. The input can be: - mixed case hex with or without 0x prefix - 0x prefixed hex, concatenated with a ':' - an absolute path to file - @tag, where the tag is defined in an environment variable
- [cast to-int256](/reference/cast/to-int256): Convert a number to a hex-encoded int256
- [cast to-rlp](/reference/cast/to-rlp): RLP encodes hex data, or an array of hex data. Accepts a hex-encoded string, or an array of hex-encoded strings. Can be arbitrarily recursive. Examples: - `cast to-rlp "[]"` -> `0xc0` - `cast to-rlp "0x22"` -> `0x22` - `cast to-rlp "[\"0x61\"]"` -> `0xc161` - `cast to-rlp "[\"0xf1\", \"f2\"]"` -> `0xc481f181f2`
- [cast to-uint256](/reference/cast/to-uint256): Convert a number to a hex-encoded uint256
- [cast to-unit](/reference/cast/to-unit): Convert an ETH amount into another unit (ether, gwei or wei). Examples: - 1ether wei - "1 ether" wei - 1ether - 1 gwei - 1gwei ether
- [cast to-wei](/reference/cast/to-wei): Convert an ETH amount to wei. Consider using --to-unit.
- [cast lookup-address](/reference/cast/lookup-address): Perform an ENS reverse lookup
- [cast namehash](/reference/cast/namehash): Calculate the ENS namehash of a name
- [cast resolve-name](/reference/cast/resolve-name): Perform an ENS lookup
- [cast source](/reference/cast/source): Get the source code of a contract from a block explorer
- [cast completions](/reference/cast/completions): Generate shell completions script
- [cast access-list](/reference/cast/access-list): Create an access list for a transaction Examples: - cast access-list vitalik.eth --value 0.1ether - cast access-list $TOKEN "transfer(address,uint256)" vitalik.eth 100
- [cast call](/reference/cast/call): Perform a call on an account without publishing a transaction Examples: - cast call $TOKEN "balanceOf(address)(uint256)" vitalik.eth - cast call $TOKEN "transfer(address,uint256)" vitalik.eth 100 --trace
- [cast estimate](/reference/cast/estimate): Estimate the gas cost of a transaction Examples: - cast estimate vitalik.eth --value 0.1ether - cast estimate $CONTRACT "deposit()" --value 1ether
- [cast logs](/reference/cast/logs): Get logs by signature or topic
- [cast mktx](/reference/cast/mktx): Build and sign a transaction
- [cast publish](/reference/cast/publish): Publish a raw transaction to the network
- [cast receipt](/reference/cast/receipt): Get the transaction receipt for a transaction
- [cast receive-policy receipt](/reference/cast/receive-policy/receipt): Blocked receive-policy receipt utilities
- [cast rpc](/reference/cast/rpc): Perform a raw JSON-RPC request
- [cast run](/reference/cast/run): Runs a published transaction in a local environment and prints the trace Examples: - cast run $TX_HASH - cast run $TX_HASH --quick (only use the state from the previous block) - cast run $TX_HASH --debug (open the transaction in the debugger)
- [cast send](/reference/cast/send): Sign and publish a transaction
- [cast tx](/reference/cast/tx): Get information about a transaction
- [cast abi-encode-event](/reference/cast/abi-encode-event): ABI encode an event and its arguments to generate topics and data
- [cast address-zero](/reference/cast/address-zero): Prints the zero address
- [cast admin](/reference/cast/admin): Fetch the EIP-1967 admin account
- [cast artifact](/reference/cast/artifact): Generate an artifact file, that can be used to deploy a contract locally
- [cast b2e-payload](/reference/cast/b2e-payload): Convert Beacon payload to execution payload
- [cast base-fee](/reference/cast/base-fee): Get the basefee of a block
- [cast batch-mktx](/reference/cast/batch-mktx): Build and sign a batch transaction (Tempo)
- [cast batch-send](/reference/cast/batch-send): Sign and publish a batch transaction (Tempo)
- [cast bind](/reference/cast/bind): Generate a rust binding from a given ABI
- [cast call --create](/reference/cast/call/--create): ignores the address field and simulates creating a contract
- [cast channel-id](/reference/cast/channel-id): Compute a Tempo TIP-20 channel reserve channel ID
- [cast classify](/reference/cast/classify): Classify a raw transaction as Tempo T5 payment/general lane
- [cast codehash](/reference/cast/codehash): Get the codehash for an account
- [cast compute-address](/reference/cast/compute-address): Compute the contract address from a given nonce and deployer address
- [cast concat-hex](/reference/cast/concat-hex): Concatenate hex strings
- [cast constructor-args](/reference/cast/constructor-args): Display constructor arguments used for the contract initialization
- [cast create2](/reference/cast/create2): Generate a deterministic contract address using CREATE2
- [cast creation-code](/reference/cast/creation-code): Download a contract creation code from Etherscan and RPC
- [cast decode-error](/reference/cast/decode-error): Decode custom error data
- [cast decode-event](/reference/cast/decode-event): Decode event data
- [cast decode-string](/reference/cast/decode-string): Decode ABI-encoded string. Similar to `calldata-decode --input`, but the function argument is a `string`
- [cast decode-transaction](/reference/cast/decode-transaction): Decodes a raw signed EIP 2718 typed transaction
- [cast disassemble](/reference/cast/disassemble): Disassembles a hex-encoded bytecode into a human-readable representation
- [cast erc20-token](/reference/cast/erc20-token): ERC20 token operations
- [cast erc20-token allowance](/reference/cast/erc20-token/allowance): Query ERC20 token allowance
- [cast erc20-token approve](/reference/cast/erc20-token/approve): Approve ERC20 token spending
- [cast erc20-token burn](/reference/cast/erc20-token/burn): Burn ERC20 tokens
- [cast erc20-token decimals](/reference/cast/erc20-token/decimals): Query ERC20 token decimals
- [cast erc20-token mint](/reference/cast/erc20-token/mint): Mint ERC20 tokens (if the token supports minting)
- [cast erc20-token name](/reference/cast/erc20-token/name): Query ERC20 token name
- [cast erc20-token symbol](/reference/cast/erc20-token/symbol): Query ERC20 token symbol
- [cast erc20-token total-supply](/reference/cast/erc20-token/total-supply): Query ERC20 token total supply
- [cast erc20-token transfer](/reference/cast/erc20-token/transfer): Transfer ERC20 tokens
- [cast estimate --create](/reference/cast/estimate/--create): Estimate gas cost to deploy a smart contract
- [cast format-units](/reference/cast/format-units): Format a number from smallest unit to decimal with arbitrary decimals. Examples: - 1000000 6 (for USDC, result: 1.0) - 2500000000000 12 (for 12 decimals, result: 2.5) - 1230 3 (for 3 decimals, result: 1.23)
- [cast hash-message](/reference/cast/hash-message): Hash a message according to EIP-191
- [cast hash-zero](/reference/cast/hash-zero): Prints the zero hash
- [cast implementation](/reference/cast/implementation): Fetch the EIP-1967 implementation for a contract Can read from the implementation slot or the beacon slot
- [cast index-erc7201](/reference/cast/index-erc7201): Compute storage slots as specified by `ERC-7201: Namespaced Storage Layout`
- [cast interface](/reference/cast/interface): Generate a Solidity interface from a given ABI. Currently does not support ABI encoder v2.
- [cast keccak](/reference/cast/keccak): Hash arbitrary data using Keccak-256
- [cast key-authorization](/reference/cast/key-authorization): Tempo key authorization RLP helpers
- [cast key-authorization encode](/reference/cast/key-authorization/encode): RLP-encode an unsigned Tempo key authorization
- [cast key-authorization inspect](/reference/cast/key-authorization/inspect): Decode and inspect a Tempo key authorization (signed or unsigned). Accepts the hex RLP from `encode` (unsigned) or `sign` (signed) and prints its fields, including the T6 `is_admin`/`account` fields and the recovered signer for signed input.
- [cast key-authorization sign](/reference/cast/key-authorization/sign): Sign and RLP-encode a Tempo key authorization. With an admin access-key signer the bound account is the key's root and is derived automatically; with a direct signer, `--bind-account` binds to another root. A root-signed `--admin` authorization defaults the account to the signer.
- [cast keychain](/reference/cast/keychain): Tempo keychain (access key) management
- [cast keychain authorize](/reference/cast/keychain/authorize): Authorize a new key on-chain via the AccountKeychain precompile
- [cast keychain burn-witness](/reference/cast/keychain/burn-witness): Burn a TIP-1053 key-authorization witness for the signing account
- [cast keychain check](/reference/cast/keychain/check): Check on-chain provisioning status of a key via the AccountKeychain precompile
- [cast keychain doctor](/reference/cast/keychain/doctor): Diagnose access-key signing issues end-to-end. Walks the local registry, RPC, and on-chain key state and prints a green checklist. The first failing step turns red and includes a one-line hint.
- [cast keychain inspect](/reference/cast/keychain/inspect): Inspect an access key policy using the local key registry and on-chain state
- [cast keychain is-admin](/reference/cast/keychain/is-admin): Check whether a key is the root key or an active admin key for an account (T6)
- [cast keychain is-witness-burned](/reference/cast/keychain/is-witness-burned): Check whether a TIP-1053 key-authorization witness has been burned
- [cast keychain list](/reference/cast/keychain/list): List all keys from the local keys.toml file
- [cast keychain policy](/reference/cast/keychain/policy): Read or edit TIP-1011 access-key permissions
- [cast keychain policy add-call](/reference/cast/keychain/policy/add-call): Add or widen an allowed call rule for a target contract
- [cast keychain policy remove-target](/reference/cast/keychain/policy/remove-target): Remove all allowed-call rules for a target contract
- [cast keychain policy set-limit](/reference/cast/keychain/policy/set-limit): Update a token spending limit amount for a key
- [cast keychain revoke](/reference/cast/keychain/revoke): Revoke an authorized key on-chain via the AccountKeychain precompile
- [cast keychain rl](/reference/cast/keychain/rl): Query the remaining spending limit for a key on a specific token
- [cast keychain rs](/reference/cast/keychain/rs): Remove call scope for a key on a target
- [cast keychain show](/reference/cast/keychain/show): Show all keys for a specific wallet address from the local keys.toml file
- [cast keychain ss](/reference/cast/keychain/ss): Set allowed call scopes for a key
- [cast keychain ul](/reference/cast/keychain/ul): Update the spending limit for a key on a specific token
- [cast keychain verify](/reference/cast/keychain/verify): Verify a Tempo keychain signature against an account's active access key (T6). `signature` must be an encoded Tempo keychain signature (not a raw 65-byte secp256k1 signature). Returns true only for an active access key, never the root key. The supplied `hash` should already be domain-separated by the caller.
- [cast keychain verify-admin](/reference/cast/keychain/verify-admin): Verify a Tempo keychain signature against an account's root or admin key (T6). `signature` must be an encoded Tempo keychain signature (not a raw 65-byte secp256k1 signature). Returns true for the root key or an active admin key. `hash` should already be domain-separated by the caller.
- [cast max-int](/reference/cast/max-int): Prints the maximum value of the given integer type
- [cast max-uint](/reference/cast/max-uint): Prints the maximum value of the given integer type
- [cast min-int](/reference/cast/min-int): Prints the minimum value of the given integer type
- [cast mktx --create](/reference/cast/mktx/--create): Use to deploy raw contract bytecode
- [cast pad](/reference/cast/pad): Pads hex data to a specified length
- [cast parse-units](/reference/cast/parse-units): Convert a number from decimal to smallest unit with arbitrary decimals. Examples: - 1.0 6 (for USDC, result: 1000000) - 2.5 12 (for 12 decimals token, result: 2500000000000) - 1.23 3 (for 3 decimals token, result: 1230)
- [cast receive-policy](/reference/cast/receive-policy): Account-level receive policy operations (Tempo)
- [cast receive-policy claim](/reference/cast/receive-policy/claim): Claim held TIP-20 funds using a blocked receive-policy receipt
- [cast receive-policy get](/reference/cast/receive-policy/get): Get an account's configured receive policy
- [cast receive-policy receipt burn](/reference/cast/receive-policy/receipt/burn): Burn held funds for a blocked receipt when authorized by the token
- [cast receive-policy receipt decode](/reference/cast/receive-policy/receipt/decode): Decode an ABI-encoded ReceivePolicyGuard claim receipt
- [cast receive-policy set](/reference/cast/receive-policy/set): Set the caller's TIP-403 receive policy. Create the sender and token-filter policies referenced here with `cast tip403 create`.
- [cast receive-policy validate](/reference/cast/receive-policy/validate): Validate whether an inbound TIP-20 transfer or mint would be credited or held
- [cast recover-authority](/reference/cast/recover-authority): Recovery an EIP-7702 authority from a Authorization JSON string
- [cast send --create](/reference/cast/send/--create): Use to deploy raw contract bytecode
- [cast sig](/reference/cast/sig): Get the selector for a function
- [cast sig-event](/reference/cast/sig-event): Generate event signatures from event string
- [cast storage-credits](/reference/cast/storage-credits): T7 storage credits operations (Tempo)
- [cast storage-credits budget](/reference/cast/storage-credits/budget): Show an account's storage credit spend budget. Budget is transaction-local transient state, so a standalone read reflects the default rather than a value set by an earlier `set-budget` transaction.
- [cast storage-credits mode](/reference/cast/storage-credits/mode): Show an account's storage credit consumption mode. Mode is transaction-local transient state, so a standalone read reflects the default rather than a value set by an earlier `set-mode` transaction.
- [cast storage-credits set-budget](/reference/cast/storage-credits/set-budget): Set the caller's storage credit spend budget, which also selects `direct` mode. The budget only applies within the transaction that sets it; batch it with the storage operations it should govern.
- [cast storage-credits set-mode](/reference/cast/storage-credits/set-mode): Set the caller's storage credit consumption mode. The mode only applies within the transaction that sets it; batch it with the storage operations it should govern.
- [cast storage-root](/reference/cast/storage-root): Get the storage root for an account
- [cast tempo](/reference/cast/tempo): Tempo wallet integration (login, etc.)
- [cast tempo login](/reference/cast/tempo/login): Authorize a new access key against your Tempo wallet via wallet.tempo. Persists the key to `$TEMPO_HOME/wallet/keys.toml` (default `~/.tempo/wallet/keys.toml`). Also runs automatically on a 402 from a Tempo RPC when no local key is configured. Env: `TEMPO_HOME`, `TEMPO_CLI_AUTH_URL` (override auth service).
- [cast tip20-token](/reference/cast/tip20-token): TIP-20 token operations (Tempo)
- [cast tip20-token create](/reference/cast/tip20-token/create): Create a new TIP-20 token via the TIP20Factory
- [cast tip20-token logo-check](/reference/cast/tip20-token/logo-check): Validate a TIP-20 logo URI offline against Tempo T5 constraints
- [cast tip20-token logo-set](/reference/cast/tip20-token/logo-set): Update a TIP-20 token logo URI
- [cast tip20-token mine](/reference/cast/tip20-token/mine): Mine a TIP-1022 salt for virtual address' master registration on Tempo
- [cast tip403](/reference/cast/tip403): TIP-403 policy registry operations (Tempo)
- [cast tip403 blacklist](/reference/cast/tip403/blacklist): Add or remove an account from a blacklist policy
- [cast tip403 check](/reference/cast/tip403/check): Check whether an address is authorized by a policy
- [cast tip403 create](/reference/cast/tip403/create): Create a new simple (whitelist or blacklist) policy
- [cast tip403 info](/reference/cast/tip403/info): Show a policy's type and admin
- [cast tip403 whitelist](/reference/cast/tip403/whitelist): Add or remove an account from a whitelist policy
- [cast to-check-sum-address](/reference/cast/to-check-sum-address): Convert an address to a checksummed format (EIP-55)
- [cast to-utf8](/reference/cast/to-utf8): Convert hex data to a utf-8 string
- [cast trace](/reference/cast/trace): CLI arguments for `cast trace`
- [cast tx-pool](/reference/cast/tx-pool): Inspect the TxPool of a node
- [cast tx-pool content](/reference/cast/tx-pool/content): Fetches the content of the transaction pool
- [cast tx-pool content-from](/reference/cast/tx-pool/content-from): Fetches the content of the transaction pool filtered by a specific address
- [cast tx-pool inspect](/reference/cast/tx-pool/inspect): Fetches a textual summary of each transaction in the pool
- [cast tx-pool status](/reference/cast/tx-pool/status): Fetches the current status of the transaction pool
- [cast virtual-address](/reference/cast/virtual-address): TIP-1022 virtual address registry operations (Tempo)
- [cast virtual-address create](/reference/cast/virtual-address/create): Mine a TIP-1022 proof-of-work salt, register as a virtual address master, and print derived virtual addresses for the given owner
- [cast virtual-address resolve](/reference/cast/virtual-address/resolve): Resolve a virtual address to its registered master and decode its components
- [cast virtual-address watch](/reference/cast/virtual-address/watch): Watch (tail) incoming TIP-20 transfers to a virtual address
- [cast wallet address](/reference/cast/wallet/address): Convert a private key to an address
- [cast wallet change-password](/reference/cast/wallet/change-password): Change the password of a keystore file
- [cast wallet decrypt-keystore](/reference/cast/wallet/decrypt-keystore): Decrypt a keystore file to get the private key
- [cast wallet derive](/reference/cast/wallet/derive): Derive accounts from a mnemonic
- [cast wallet import](/reference/cast/wallet/import): Import a private key into an encrypted keystore
- [cast wallet list](/reference/cast/wallet/list): List all the accounts in the keystore default directory
- [cast wallet new](/reference/cast/wallet/new): Create a new random keypair
- [cast wallet new-mnemonic](/reference/cast/wallet/new-mnemonic): Generates a random BIP39 mnemonic phrase
- [cast wallet private-key](/reference/cast/wallet/private-key): Derives private key from mnemonic
- [cast wallet public-key](/reference/cast/wallet/public-key): Get the public key for the given private key
- [cast wallet remove](/reference/cast/wallet/remove): Remove a wallet from the keystore. This command requires the wallet alias and will prompt for a password to ensure that only an authorized user can remove the wallet.
- [cast wallet session](/reference/cast/wallet/session): Manage temporary Tempo wallet sessions
- [cast wallet session create](/reference/cast/wallet/session/create): Create a temporary Tempo session and persist it locally
- [cast wallet session revoke](/reference/cast/wallet/session/revoke): Revoke a Tempo session key on-chain when provisioned, then clear local key material
- [cast wallet sign](/reference/cast/wallet/sign): Sign a message or typed data Examples: - cast wallet sign "hello" --account dev - cast wallet sign "hello" --private-key $PK - cast wallet sign --data --from-file typed_data.json --ledger
- [cast wallet sign-auth](/reference/cast/wallet/sign-auth): EIP-7702 sign authorization
- [cast wallet vanity](/reference/cast/wallet/vanity): Generate a vanity address
- [cast wallet verify](/reference/cast/wallet/verify): Verify the signature of a message
- [cast wallet](/reference/cast/wallet): Wallet management utilities
- [anvil](/reference/anvil/anvil): A fast local Ethereum development node
- [anvil completions](/reference/anvil/completions): Generate shell completions script
- [chisel](/reference/chisel/chisel): Fast, utilitarian, and verbose Solidity REPL
- [chisel clear-cache](/reference/chisel/clear-cache): Clear all cached chisel sessions from the cache directory
- [chisel eval](/reference/chisel/eval): Simple evaluation of a command without entering the REPL
- [chisel list](/reference/chisel/list): List all cached sessions
- [chisel load](/reference/chisel/load): Load a cached session
- [chisel view](/reference/chisel/view): View the source of a cached session
- [Cheatcodes Reference](/reference/cheatcodes/overview)
- [warp](/reference/cheatcodes/warp): Sets block.timestamp to a specified value in Forge tests
- [roll](/reference/cheatcodes/roll): Sets block.number to a specified value in Forge tests
- [setBlockhash](/reference/cheatcodes/set-blockhash): Sets the blockhash for a recent block
- [fee](/reference/cheatcodes/fee): Sets block.basefee to a specified value in Forge tests
- [getBlockTimestamp](/reference/cheatcodes/get-block-timestamp): Gets the current block.timestamp, avoiding IR compilation optimization issues
- [getBlockNumber](/reference/cheatcodes/get-block-number): Gets the current block.number, avoiding IR compilation optimization issues
- [difficulty](/reference/cheatcodes/difficulty): Sets block.difficulty for pre-merge EVM versions in Forge tests
- [prevrandao](/reference/cheatcodes/prevrandao): Sets block.prevrandao for post-merge EVM versions in Forge tests
- [chainId](/reference/cheatcodes/chain-id): Sets block.chainid to a specified value in Forge tests
- [getChainId](/reference/cheatcodes/get-chain-id): Gets the current block.chainid of the selected environment
- [store](/reference/cheatcodes/store): Stores a value in a specific storage slot of an account
- [setTip20LogoURI](/reference/cheatcodes/set-tip20-logo-uri): Sets a TIP-20 token logo URI directly in storage
- [load](/reference/cheatcodes/load): Loads a value from a specific storage slot of an account
- [etch](/reference/cheatcodes/etch): Sets the bytecode of an address to custom code
- [cloneAccount](/reference/cheatcodes/clone-account): Clones an account's code, storage, balance, and nonce to another address
- [dumpState](/reference/cheatcodes/dump-state): Writes the current EVM state to a JSON file in genesis alloc format
- [loadAllocs](/reference/cheatcodes/load-allocs): Loads a genesis alloc JSON file into the in-memory EVM state
- [deal](/reference/cheatcodes/deal): Sets the ETH balance of an address
- [prank](/reference/cheatcodes/prank): Sets msg.sender for the next call to a specified address
- [startPrank](/reference/cheatcodes/start-prank): Sets msg.sender for all subsequent calls until stopPrank is called
- [stopPrank](/reference/cheatcodes/stop-prank): Stops an active prank, resetting msg.sender and tx.origin
- [readCallers](/reference/cheatcodes/read-callers): Reads the current caller mode, msg.sender, and tx.origin
- [record](/reference/cheatcodes/record): Starts recording all storage reads and writes
- [accesses](/reference/cheatcodes/accesses): Gets all storage slots that have been read or written to on an address
- [Mapping recording](/reference/cheatcodes/mapping-recording): Records mapping writes to discover mapping keys and slots
- [recordLogs](/reference/cheatcodes/record-logs): Starts recording all emitted events
- [getRecordedLogs](/reference/cheatcodes/get-recorded-logs): Gets emitted events recorded by recordLogs as Solidity structs or JSON
- [Debug trace recording](/reference/cheatcodes/debug-trace-recording): Records opcode-level debug steps for a selected section of execution
- [setNonce](/reference/cheatcodes/set-nonce): Sets the nonce of an account
- [getNonce](/reference/cheatcodes/get-nonce): Gets the nonce of an account or wallet
- [mockCall](/reference/cheatcodes/mock-call): Mocks calls to an address with specific calldata to return specified data
- [mockCalls](/reference/cheatcodes/mock-calls): Mocks calls to return different data for each successive invocation
- [mockCallRevert](/reference/cheatcodes/mock-call-revert): Mocks calls to an address to revert with specified data
- [mockFunction](/reference/cheatcodes/mock-function): Executes calls to an address using bytecode from another address
- [clearMockedCalls](/reference/cheatcodes/clear-mocked-calls): Clears all mocked calls
- [coinbase](/reference/cheatcodes/coinbase): Sets block.coinbase to a specified address
- [broadcast](/reference/cheatcodes/broadcast): Makes the next call create a transaction that can be signed and sent onchain
- [startBroadcast](/reference/cheatcodes/start-broadcast): Makes all subsequent calls create transactions that can be signed and sent onchain
- [stopBroadcast](/reference/cheatcodes/stop-broadcast): Stops collecting transactions for onchain broadcasting
- [broadcastRawTransaction](/reference/cheatcodes/broadcast-raw-transaction): Executes a signed raw transaction and broadcasts it to the network during scripts
- [pauseGasMetering](/reference/cheatcodes/pause-gas-metering): Pauses gas metering so gasleft() does not decrease
- [resetGasMetering](/reference/cheatcodes/reset-gas-metering): Resets gas metering to the gas limit of the current execution frame
- [resumeGasMetering](/reference/cheatcodes/resume-gas-metering): Resumes gas metering after it was paused
- [lastFrameGas](/reference/cheatcodes/last-frame-gas): Returns gas measurements for the last external call or contract creation
- [txGasPrice](/reference/cheatcodes/tx-gas-price): Sets tx.gasprice for the rest of the transaction
- [executeTransaction](/reference/cheatcodes/execute-transaction): Executes a signed raw transaction with isolated transaction semantics
- [startStateDiffRecording](/reference/cheatcodes/start-state-diff-recording): Starts recording all state changes during execution
- [stopAndReturnStateDiff](/reference/cheatcodes/stop-and-return-state-diff): Stops state diff recording and returns all recorded state changes
- [State diff queries](/reference/cheatcodes/get-state-diff): Reads recorded state changes as text, JSON, or flattened storage accesses
- [getStorageSlots](/reference/cheatcodes/get-storage-slots): Returns the physical storage slots occupied by a named state variable
- [snapshotState cheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/state-snapshots): Snapshot and restore EVM state
- [snapshotGas cheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/gas-snapshots): Capture and compare gas usage across test runs
- [isImplicitlyApproved](/reference/cheatcodes/is-implicitly-approved): Checks whether a spender is implicitly approved on Tempo
- [isContext](/reference/cheatcodes/is-context): Checks the current Forge execution context
- [isIsolateMode](/reference/cheatcodes/is-isolate-mode): Checks whether isolated test execution is enabled
- [expectRevert](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-revert): Asserts that the next call reverts with optional message matching
- [expectEmit](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-emit): Asserts that specific events are emitted during the next call
- [expectEmitAnonymous](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-emit-anonymous): Asserts that a specific anonymous event is emitted during the next call
- [expectCall](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-call): Asserts that a specific call is made during test execution
- [expectSafeMemory](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-safe-memory): Restricts memory access to explicitly allowed ranges in the current or next call context
- [expectKeychainVerified](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-keychain-verified): Asserts that a SignatureVerifier.verifyKeychain call is made
- [expectKeychainAdminVerified](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-keychain-admin-verified): Asserts that a SignatureVerifier.verifyKeychainAdmin call is made
- [expectTip20LogoURIUpdated](/reference/cheatcodes/expect-tip20-logo-uri-updated): Expects a TIP-20 LogoURIUpdated event
- [assume](/reference/cheatcodes/assume): Discards fuzz inputs that don't satisfy a condition
- [assumeNoRevert](/reference/cheatcodes/assume-no-revert): Discards fuzz inputs if the next call reverts
- [assumeImplicitApproval](/reference/cheatcodes/assume-implicit-approval): Skips fuzz inputs unless a spender is implicitly approved on Tempo
- [bound](/reference/cheatcodes/bound): Returns a new random value inside a range, different from the current value
- [createFork](/reference/cheatcodes/create-fork): Creates a new fork from an RPC endpoint
- [selectFork](/reference/cheatcodes/select-fork): Activates a previously created fork
- [createSelectFork](/reference/cheatcodes/create-select-fork): Creates and activates a new fork in one call
- [activeFork](/reference/cheatcodes/active-fork): Returns the identifier of the currently active fork
- [rollFork](/reference/cheatcodes/roll-fork): Sets the block number of a fork
- [makePersistent](/reference/cheatcodes/make-persistent): Marks accounts as persistent across fork switches
- [revokePersistent](/reference/cheatcodes/revoke-persistent): Removes persistent status from accounts
- [isPersistent](/reference/cheatcodes/is-persistent): Checks if an account is marked as persistent across forks
- [allowCheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/allow-cheatcodes): Grants cheatcode access to an address in forking mode
- [transact](/reference/cheatcodes/transact): Fetches and executes a transaction from a fork
- [ffi](/reference/cheatcodes/ffi): Calls an arbitrary external command
- [prompt](/reference/cheatcodes/prompt): Displays an interactive prompt for user input in scripts
- [projectRoot](/reference/cheatcodes/project-root): Returns the root directory of the current Foundry project
- [getCode](/reference/cheatcodes/get-code): Returns the creation bytecode for a contract in the project
- [getDeployedCode](/reference/cheatcodes/get-deployed-code): Returns the deployed (runtime) bytecode for a contract in the project
- [deployCode](/reference/cheatcodes/deploy-code): Deploys a contract from a compiled artifact, optionally with constructor args, value, and CREATE2 salt
- [getSelectors](/reference/cheatcodes/get-selectors): Returns the function selectors declared in a compiled contract artifact
- [sleep](/reference/cheatcodes/sleep): Pauses execution for a specified duration
- [unixTime](/reference/cheatcodes/unix-time): Returns the current unix timestamp in milliseconds
- [setEnv](/reference/cheatcodes/set-env): Sets an environment variable
- [envOr](/reference/cheatcodes/env-or): Reads an environment variable with a default fallback value
- [envBool](/reference/cheatcodes/env-bool): Reads an environment variable as bool or bool[]
- [envUint](/reference/cheatcodes/env-uint): Reads an environment variable as uint256 or uint256[]
- [envInt](/reference/cheatcodes/env-int): Reads an environment variable as int256 or int256[]
- [envAddress](/reference/cheatcodes/env-address): Reads an environment variable as address or address[]
- [envBytes32](/reference/cheatcodes/env-bytes32): Reads an environment variable as bytes32 or bytes32[]
- [envString](/reference/cheatcodes/env-string): Reads an environment variable as string or string[]
- [envBytes](/reference/cheatcodes/env-bytes): Reads an environment variable as bytes or bytes[]
- [keyExists](/reference/cheatcodes/key-exists): Checks if a key exists in a JSON string (deprecated)
- [keyExistsJson](/reference/cheatcodes/key-exists-json): Checks if a key exists in a JSON string
- [keyExistsToml](/reference/cheatcodes/key-exists-toml): Checks if a key exists in a TOML table
- [parseJson](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-json): Parses JSON files and returns values as ABI-encoded bytes
- [parseJsonArrayLength](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-json-array-length): Returns the length of an array selected from JSON data
- [parseToml](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-toml): Parses TOML files and returns values as ABI-encoded bytes
- [parseJsonKeys](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-json-keys): Gets list of keys present in a JSON string
- [parseJsonType](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-json-type): Parses JSON and coerces it to a described Solidity type in field order
- [parseJsonTypeArray](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-json-type-array): Parses a JSON array and coerces its elements to a described Solidity type
- [parseTomlKeys](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-toml-keys): Gets list of keys present in a TOML string
- [serializeJson](/reference/cheatcodes/serialize-json): Serializes values as a stringified JSON object
- [serializeJsonType](/reference/cheatcodes/serialize-json-type): Serializes an ABI-encoded value to JSON using a type description
- [writeJson](/reference/cheatcodes/write-json): Writes a serialized JSON object to a file
- [writeToml](/reference/cheatcodes/write-toml): Writes a serialized JSON object to a TOML file
- [sign](/reference/cheatcodes/sign): Signs a digest with a private key, returning (v, r, s)
- [signCompact](/reference/cheatcodes/sign-compact): Signs a digest, returning an EIP-2098 compact signature (r, vs)
- [Ed25519](/reference/cheatcodes/ed25519): Creates Ed25519 keys and signs or verifies namespaced messages
- [P256](/reference/cheatcodes/p256): Signs digests and derives public keys on the secp256r1 (P-256) curve
- [signDelegation](/reference/cheatcodes/sign-delegation): Signs and attaches EIP-7702 authorization for account delegation
- [signKeychain](/reference/cheatcodes/sign-keychain): Signs a digest as a Tempo keychain signature using an access key
- [signKeychainAdmin](/reference/cheatcodes/sign-keychain-admin): Signs a digest as a Tempo keychain signature using a root or admin key
- [addr](/reference/cheatcodes/addr): Computes the address for a given private key
- [computeCreateAddress](/reference/cheatcodes/compute-create-address): Computes the address where a contract will be deployed via CREATE for a deployer and nonce
- [computeCreate2Address](/reference/cheatcodes/compute-create2-address): Computes the address where a contract will be deployed via CREATE2 for a salt and init code hash
- [skip](/reference/cheatcodes/skip): Marks a test as skipped conditionally
- [label](/reference/cheatcodes/label): Sets a label for an address in test traces
- [getLabel](/reference/cheatcodes/get-label): Retrieves the label for an address
- [deriveKey](/reference/cheatcodes/derive-key): Derives a private key from a mnemonic phrase
- [parseBytes](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-bytes): Parses a hex string into bytes
- [parseAddress](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-address): Parses a hex string into an address
- [parseUint](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-uint): Parses a string into a uint256
- [parseInt](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-int): Parses a string into an int256
- [parseBytes32](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-bytes32): Parses a hex string into bytes32
- [parseBool](/reference/cheatcodes/parse-bool): Parses a string into a bool
- [rememberKey](/reference/cheatcodes/remember-key): Stores a private key in forge's local wallet for broadcasting
- [toString](/reference/cheatcodes/to-string): Converts any type to its string representation
- [breakpoint](/reference/cheatcodes/breakpoint): Places a breakpoint for the debugger
- [createWallet](/reference/cheatcodes/create-wallet): Creates a new Wallet struct with address and keys
- [getWallets](/reference/cheatcodes/get-wallets): Returns the addresses of available unlocked wallets in the script environment
- [copyStorage](/reference/cheatcodes/copy-storage): Copies storage from one contract to another
- [setArbitraryStorage](/reference/cheatcodes/set-arbitrary-storage): Makes the storage of an address fully symbolic
- [randomUint](/reference/cheatcodes/random-uint): Returns a random uint256 value, optionally within a range or bit width
- [randomInt](/reference/cheatcodes/random-int): Returns a random int256 value, optionally of a given bit width
- [randomAddress](/reference/cheatcodes/random-address): Returns a random address
- [randomBool](/reference/cheatcodes/random-bool): Returns a random boolean
- [randomBytes](/reference/cheatcodes/random-bytes): Returns random byte arrays of dynamic or fixed length
- [setSeed](/reference/cheatcodes/set-seed): Sets the seed of Foundry's internal RNG for deterministic random values
- [ensNamehash](/reference/cheatcodes/ens-namehash): Returns the ENS namehash of a name
- [foundryVersion cheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/foundry-version): Reads and compares the Foundry version running the tests
- [eip712HashType](/reference/cheatcodes/eip712-hash-type): Generates the EIP-712 type hash for a struct type
- [eip712HashStruct](/reference/cheatcodes/eip712-hash-struct): Generates the EIP-712 struct hash for a type and its ABI-encoded data
- [eip712HashTypedData](/reference/cheatcodes/eip712-hash-typed-data): Generates a ready-to-sign EIP-712 digest from JSON typed data
- [String Cheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/strings): String helpers for searching, splitting, replacing, trimming, and case conversion
- [toBase64](/reference/cheatcodes/to-base64): Encodes bytes or strings to base64 and base64url
- [RPC Cheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/rpc): Access configured RPC endpoints and make JSON-RPC calls
- [getChain](/reference/cheatcodes/get-chain): Returns chain metadata for a known chain alias or chain ID
- [File Cheatcodes](/reference/cheatcodes/fs): File system operations for reading, writing, and managing files
- [Forge Standard Library Reference](/reference/forge-std/overview)
- [Std Logs](/reference/forge-std/std-logs)
- [Std Assertions](/reference/forge-std/std-assertions)
- [fail](/reference/forge-std/fail)
- [assertTrue](/reference/forge-std/assertTrue)
- [assertFalse](/reference/forge-std/assertFalse)
- [assertEq](/reference/forge-std/assertEq)
- [assertEqDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertEqDecimal)
- [assertNotEq](/reference/forge-std/assertNotEq)
- [assertNotEqDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertNotEqDecimal)
- [assertLt](/reference/forge-std/assertLt)
- [assertLtDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertLtDecimal)
- [assertGt](/reference/forge-std/assertGt)
- [assertGtDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertGtDecimal)
- [assertLe](/reference/forge-std/assertLe)
- [assertLeDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertLeDecimal)
- [assertGe](/reference/forge-std/assertGe)
- [assertGeDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertGeDecimal)
- [assertApproxEqAbs](/reference/forge-std/assertApproxEqAbs)
- [assertApproxEqAbsDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertApproxEqAbsDecimal)
- [assertApproxEqRel](/reference/forge-std/assertApproxEqRel)
- [assertApproxEqRelDecimal](/reference/forge-std/assertApproxEqRelDecimal)
- [Std Cheats](/reference/forge-std/std-cheats)
- [skip](/reference/forge-std/skip)
- [rewind](/reference/forge-std/rewind)
- [hoax](/reference/forge-std/hoax)
- [startHoax](/reference/forge-std/startHoax)
- [deal](/reference/forge-std/deal)
- [deployCode](/reference/forge-std/deployCode)
- [deployCodeTo](/reference/forge-std/deployCodeTo)
- [bound](/reference/forge-std/bound)
- [changePrank](/reference/forge-std/change-prank)
- [makeAddr](/reference/forge-std/make-addr)
- [makeAddrAndKey](/reference/forge-std/make-addr-and-key)
- [noGasMetering](/reference/forge-std/noGasMetering)
- [assumeNotPrecompile](/reference/forge-std/assume-no-precompiles)
- [assumePayable](/reference/forge-std/assume-payable)
- [StdConfig](/reference/forge-std/std-config)
- [Std Errors](/reference/forge-std/std-errors)
- [assertionError](/reference/forge-std/assertionError)
- [arithmeticError](/reference/forge-std/arithmeticError)
- [divisionError](/reference/forge-std/divisionError)
- [enumConversionError](/reference/forge-std/enumConversionError)
- [encodeStorageError](/reference/forge-std/encodeStorageError)
- [popError](/reference/forge-std/popError)
- [indexOOBError](/reference/forge-std/indexOOBError)
- [memOverflowError](/reference/forge-std/memOverflowError)
- [zeroVarError](/reference/forge-std/zeroVarError)
- [Std Storage](/reference/forge-std/std-storage)
- [target](/reference/forge-std/target)
- [sig](/reference/forge-std/sig)
- [with_key](/reference/forge-std/with_key)
- [depth](/reference/forge-std/depth)
- [enable_packed_slots](/reference/forge-std/enable_packed_slots)
- [checked_write](/reference/forge-std/checked_write)
- [find](/reference/forge-std/find)
- [read](/reference/forge-std/read)
- [Std Math](/reference/forge-std/std-math)
- [abs](/reference/forge-std/abs)
- [delta](/reference/forge-std/delta)
- [percentDelta](/reference/forge-std/percentDelta)
- [Script Utils](/reference/forge-std/script-utils)
- [computeCreateAddress](/reference/forge-std/compute-create-address)
- [deriveRememberKey](/reference/forge-std/derive-remember-key)
- [Console Logging](/reference/forge-std/console-log)
- [Config Overview](/config/reference/overview)
- [Project](/config/reference/project)
- [Solidity compiler](/config/reference/solidity-compiler)
- [Testing](/config/reference/testing)
- [Tracing](/config/reference/tracing)
- [Advanced Testing](/config/reference/advanced-testing)
- [Build, Runtime, and RPC](/config/reference/build-and-runtime)
- [Tool-specific Configuration](/config/reference/tooling)
- [In-line test configuration](/config/reference/inline-test-config)
- [Formatter](/config/reference/formatter)
- [Linter Configuration](/config/reference/linter)
- [Documentation Generator](/config/reference/doc-generator)
- [Etherscan](/config/reference/etherscan)
- [Foundry - Ethereum Development Framework](/index)
- [Benchmarks](/benchmarks)
- [Changelog](/changelog/)
- [Reference](/reference/): Find exact CLI, cheatcode, Forge Std, and configuration reference documentation for Foundry.
- [cast index](/reference/cast/): Compute the storage slot for an entry in a mapping
- [CLI reference versions](/reference/versions): Exact Foundry binary versions used to generate the CLI command reference.
- [Default foundry configuration](/config/reference/default-config)
- [Config Reference](/config/reference/README)
- [cast da-estimate](/reference/cast/da-estimate)
- [cast index](/reference/cast/index-cmd)
- [Base Options](/reference/common/base-options)
- [Create Option](/reference/common/cast-estimate-create-option)
- [Display Options](/reference/common/display-options)
- [Etherscan Options](/reference/common/etherscan-options)
- [Wallet Options - Raw](/reference/common/multi-wallet-options)
- [Wallet Options - Hardware Wallet](/reference/common/multi-wallet-options-hardware)
- [Wallet Options - Keystore](/reference/common/multi-wallet-options-keystore)
- [Wallet Options - Raw](/reference/common/multi-wallet-options-raw)
- [Wallet Options - Remote](/reference/common/multi-wallet-options-remote)
- [RPC Options](/reference/common/rpc-options)
- [Transaction Options](/reference/common/transaction-options)
- [WALLET OPTIONS - RAW:](/reference/common/wallet-options)
- [Wallet Options - Hardware Wallet](/reference/common/wallet-options-hardware)
- [Wallet Options - Keystore](/reference/common/wallet-options-keystore)
- [WALLET OPTIONS - RAW:](/reference/common/wallet-options-raw)
- [Wallet Options - Remote](/reference/common/wallet-options-remote)
- [Config](/reference/forge-std/config)
- [forge generate](/reference/forge/generate)
- [forge generate test](/reference/forge/generate/test)